What should I know about fireplaces?

Fireplaces in New Brunswick homes require careful attention to safety codes, proper installation, and regular maintenance — especially given our harsh winters and the fact that many homes still rely on wood heating as primary or backup heat sources.

Wood-burning fireplaces and inserts are extremely popular across New Brunswick, where firewood is readily available and many homeowners appreciate the backup heating during power outages. However, all installations must comply with the National Building Code of Canada 2020 edition (effective May 1, 2025 for new applications in NB). This means proper clearances from combustible materials, approved chimney systems, and adequate air supply. A licensed contractor should handle installation, and you'll need a building permit from your municipality or Regional Service Commission.

Chimney and venting requirements are critical in our climate. New Brunswick's heavy snowfall (250-350cm annually) and freeze-thaw cycles put extra stress on chimney systems. Masonry chimneys need proper flashing, caps, and annual inspection for cracks that allow moisture penetration. Prefab metal chimneys must be installed exactly to manufacturer specifications — even small deviations can create fire hazards. Many older NB homes have original masonry chimneys that may need rebuilding or relining before connecting a new appliance.

The Technical Inspection Services (TIS) doesn't directly regulate fireplace installations, but any electrical work (like gas fireplace ignition systems or blower fans) requires a licensed electrician and NB Power wiring permit (1-800-615-0522). Gas fireplaces and their venting must be installed by a licensed gas fitter — contact TIS at 1-888-659-3222 to verify licensing.

Insurance and liability considerations are significant. Many insurance companies require annual chimney cleaning and inspection certificates, especially for wood-burning systems. Creosote buildup from burning unseasoned wood is a major fire risk. Professional cleaning typically runs $200-$400 annually. If you're in a rural area on a volunteer fire department, response times for chimney fires can be lengthy — prevention is crucial.

Costs vary widely depending on the system type. A basic wood insert installation runs $3,000-$8,000 including chimney work. Gas fireplaces range $2,500-$12,000 installed. Full masonry fireplace construction starts around $15,000 and can exceed $30,000 for elaborate designs. Factor in annual maintenance costs and higher insurance premiums.

For older homes, especially those built before 1970, have the existing chimney professionally inspected before any fireplace project. Many heritage homes in Saint John, Fredericton, and rural areas have chimneys that appear solid but have hidden structural issues or inadequate clearances by modern standards.

Your next step should be contacting your local building permit office — whether that's your municipality or RSC — to discuss permit requirements, then getting quotes from licensed installers who can assess your specific situation and chimney condition.

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