What's the minimum bathroom size that meets code in New Brunswick?

New Brunswick follows the National Building Code of Canada 2020 edition (effective May 1, 2025 for new applications), which sets specific minimum dimensions for bathroom fixtures and clearances.

The NBC doesn't specify an overall minimum bathroom size, but it does require specific clearances around each fixture that effectively determine the minimum room dimensions. For a standard three-piece bathroom (toilet, sink, bathtub/shower), you're looking at approximately 5 feet by 7 feet (35 square feet) as the practical minimum to meet all code requirements.

Key fixture clearances under the NBC include:

• Toilet: minimum 15 inches from centerline to any wall or fixture, with 21 inches of clear space in front


• Sink: minimum 4 inches clearance on each side, 21 inches clear space in front


• Bathtub/shower: minimum 21 inches of clear floor space in front of the opening


• Door swing: must not interfere with fixture use (can swing out or be a pocket door)

Additional code requirements that affect bathroom layout include a minimum ceiling height of 6 feet 5 inches (1.95m), proper ventilation (exhaust fan or operable window), and GFCI protection for all electrical outlets. The room must also have adequate lighting over the sink area.

For basement bathrooms or secondary suites, these same clearances apply. If you're adding a bathroom as part of a secondary suite, remember that you'll need permits from your local municipality (like Moncton, Fredericton, or Saint John) or your Regional Service Commission if you're in a rural area. The plumbing work must be done by a TIS-licensed plumber with proper permits.

Practical tip: While 35 square feet meets code, most homeowners find a 6x8 or 7x8 bathroom (42-56 square feet) much more comfortable and functional. If space is extremely tight, consider a two-piece bathroom (toilet and sink only) which can work in as little as 3x6 feet, though you'd need shower facilities elsewhere to meet habitability requirements for rental units.

Before finalizing your bathroom layout, have your plans reviewed by your local building inspector to ensure compliance with both the NBC and any local requirements.